原语语篇的目的受众,即受话人(addressee)是置身原语文化、熟悉其习语典故的英语读者,在剧中则是眼睛几乎看不见的父亲,“话题”是父亲在向儿子打听去夏洛克府上去的路以及自己儿子的情况;“语码”(code)是早期现代英语,语言“风格”/“音调”是谐谑幽默,作者在借剧中人之口套用、活用英语谚语:It is a wise child that knows his own father.
(Odyssey)——"My mother," answered Telemachus, "tells me I am son to Ulysses, but it is a wise child that knows his own father",本句内涵为:You can never have certain proof that a certain man is your father. (Implies that the child in question might be illegitimate.)
说到底,把这句话当强调句型就压根不对,只是碰巧长得跟强调句型一个样而已,关键点是这里的it is正确理解是there is hardly,是不是很逆天?但这就是英谚的逻辑。剧中失明的Cobbo与已长大成人的孩子Launcelot相遇却未认出他来,孩子对父亲说:"If you had your eyes, you might fail of the knowing me, it is a wise father that knows his own child."此话一语双关,借此含义对父亲开玩笑而并非真的质疑两人间“血缘关系”。
生活经验也告诉我们,即便我们如何与父母无话不谈,我们也一定有不为父母所知的内心想法或实际行为。类似的例子还有It is a good workman that never blunders. 要是直接翻就毁了,会理解成“一个好工匠从来不出错”,而真正想表达的是“再好的工匠也有出错的时候”、“智者千虑必有一失”
►it is型谚语Vs强调句型
绝招:如何区分it is型谚语和强调句型。大家仔细回忆会发现,我们学的强调句型几乎没有见过It is a,一般都是it is加上相对具体的概念,比如it is high time, it is certain等等,而这个不定冠词a几乎是英谚所独有,这样也正好表达的是普遍真理;另外英谚的句中一定有一个形容词在修饰着一个名词。